第四章开篇密释纳:与叔娶之妇行脱鞋礼后,发现她当时已怀孕而生产;孩子若能存活,亡者有后,转房之系从未存在,这脱鞋礼毫无意义:双方仍可与对方亲属婚配,她也不因此不得嫁祭司。
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人有兄弟而无子死去,他的寡妇(叔娶之妇)可与他的一个兄弟(亡夫兄弟)行一种仪式,使她脱离转房之系(脱鞋礼)。
When a man who has a brother dies childless, his widow [yevama] and one of his brothers [yavam] may perform a ritual through which she is freed of her levirate bonds [ḥalitza].
注:首三句是英译者为第四章开头补的背景说明,密释纳原文自第四句起。
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就近亲禁婚而言,这便视同二人曾经成婚又离异。
It is then considered, with regard to forbidden relationships, as though they had been married and divorced.
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因此,他对她的亲属受禁,她对他的亲属也受禁。
Therefore, he is forbidden to her relatives, and she to his.
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然而,与自己的 叔娶之妇 行了 脱鞋礼 的人,之后发现她在行 脱鞋礼 时已怀孕,并且生产了:孩子若能存活,亡夫便有后嗣存留,转房之系从未存在;所以所行的 脱鞋礼 全不必要,是无意义之举。
However, with regard to one who performs ḥalitza with his yevama and then she is found to have been pregnant at the time of the ḥalitza and she gave birth, in the event that the offspring is viable, the deceased husband has been survived by offspring and so there was never any levirate bond; consequently, the ḥalitza that was performed was entirely unnecessary and a meaningless act.
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既然如此,他对她的亲属仍是许可的,她对他的亲属也仍是许可的。
As such, he remains permitted to her relatives and she remains permitted to his relatives.
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再者,脱鞋礼 既无意义,她便不具 受脱鞋礼之妇(即行过 脱鞋礼 的 叔娶之妇)的身分,这身分近似被休的妇人。
Furthermore, since the ḥalitza was meaningless, she is not afforded the status of a ḥalutza, i.e., a yevama who performed ḥalitza, a status akin to that of a divorcée.
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因此,这 脱鞋礼 并不使她失去嫁入祭司家的资格。
Therefore, the ḥalitza does not disqualify her from marrying into the priesthood.