(续上)拉夫萨夫拉 所说的六兄弟之例,记号是「死了,生了,转房」两遍:两位寡妇各禁于一位后生的兄弟,却许给另一位。拉比希亚 既把 拉比西缅 的意见也算进通则,密释纳便涉及有争议的裁决,那怎能说其中所列都是众人一致的呢?
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要记住这事怎样发生,你的记号是:「死了,生了,转房;死了,生了,转房。」
And your mnemonic to remember how this might occur is as follows: Died, was born, entered into levirate marriage, died, was born, entered into levirate marriage.
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就是说,有几个兄弟,其中一位流便死了,然后另一位以萨迦出生,又有一位兄弟西缅娶了亡者之妻行转房;又有一位兄弟利未也死了,随后又有一位西布伦出生,第六位兄弟犹大娶了这位亡者之妻行转房。
In other words, there were several brothers, and one, Reuven, died, before another, Yissakhar, was born, and another brother, Shimon, entered into levirate marriage with the deceased’s wife, and there was another brother, Levi, who died as well, and yet another brother, Zevulun, was born, and a sixth brother, Yehuda, entered into levirate marriage with the deceased’s wife.
流便、以萨迦、西缅、利未、西布伦、犹大只是举例用的假设名字,照和合本写中文,不立条目;此处的「利未」是假设的兄弟,与下文那位阿摩拉 利未 无关。
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在这种情形下,西缅与犹大若都无子而死,他们二人的妻子便来到尚存的以萨迦与西布伦面前待转房。
In this case, if Shimon and Yehuda were to die childless, their wives would come before the surviving brothers, Yissakhar and Zevulun, for levirate marriage.
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对其中一位以萨迦来说,头一位兄弟流便的妻子是禁止的;对另一位西布伦来说,第二位兄弟利未的妻子同样是禁止的。
To one of them, Yissakhar, the wife of the first brother, Reuven, is prohibited, and for the other brother, Zevulun, the wife of the second brother, Levi, is likewise prohibited.
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这正是本卷第三章所析的那类情形,那里裁定:禁于这位兄弟的女人许给那位,禁于那位的许给这位。
This is an example of the type of case analyzed in the third chapter, in which the ruling is that the woman who is forbidden to this brother is permitted to that one, and she who is forbidden to this one is permitted to that one.
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无论如何,拉比希亚 把 拉比西缅 的意见也纳入这条通则,因为他认为,密释纳所说的每一种情形都可以有这样的局面。
In any case, Rabbi Ḥiyya incorporates the opinion of Rabbi Shimon into this principle, as he maintains that this scenario can apply to each case stated in the mishna.
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既然如此,密释纳显然也涉及有争议的律法裁决。
If so, the mishna evidently does deal with disputed legal rulings.
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那么 拉比犹大·哈纳西 怎能说,密释纳所列的情形都是众人一致的呢?
How, then, can Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi claim that the cases of the mishna are unanimous?